What distinguishes controlled airports from uncontrolled airports?

Controlled airports are defined by the presence of an operating air traffic control tower, which is staffed by air traffic controllers. These professionals are responsible for managing the flow of air traffic in and around the airport, ensuring safe takeoffs and landings by coordinating aircraft movements on the ground and in the airspace. This system of oversight is critical for maintaining order, particularly at busy airports where numerous flights may be operating simultaneously.

The distinct features of controlled airports allow for more organized and efficient air traffic management, reducing the likelihood of accidents and enhancing overall safety. In contrast, uncontrolled airports do not have an air traffic control tower, which means that pilots and other personnel must rely on visual cues and communicated intentions rather than centralized traffic management.

The other options do not accurately capture the defining characteristic of controlled airports. They may refer to aspects of airport operations but do not specifically highlight the critical role that air traffic controllers play in maintaining airport safety and operational efficiency.