Why is it important for ARFF teams to understand aircraft types and their hazards?

Understanding aircraft types and their associated hazards is crucial for Airport Rescue Fire Fighting (ARFF) teams because different aircraft have a variety of safety features, fuel types, and potential hazards. Each aircraft model can have distinct designs and systems that affect how they respond to emergencies and incidents. For example, commercial jets, cargo planes, and private aircraft can possess different materials in their construction—such as aluminum versus composites—and have varying layouts that influence fire behavior and the types of hazards present during fires.

Additionally, the fuel types used by different aircraft, such as Jet A, avgas, or even alternative fuels, can produce unique challenges in firefighting due to their combustion characteristics and toxicity. Understanding these differences helps ARFF teams prepare better for specific aircraft emergencies, enabling them to employ the most effective firefighting tactics and strategies tailored to each situation. This knowledge is essential for ensuring the safety of both the emergency responders and those on board or near the aircraft, as well as mitigating environmental impacts.